Strong ties with the Motherland
Throughout history, Greeks have been the travelling kind of people. In some cases, our ancestors ventured out to conquer foreign lands and spread our culture and language. In most cases, though, they travelled far and wide to settle on every corner of the world and start anew in hopes of a better future. No matter the reason, the era, the way, or the destination, all Greek immigrants seem to have one thing in common: love for our homeland.
These strong ties with our Motherland appear to stand the test of time, and even become stronger, as time goes by. They also wonderfully transfer from one generation to the next. Thus, you end up with second and third generation Greek-Americans, who speak the language, uphold the values, follow the traditions, listen to the news, visit the old village, worry about Greece.
Many foreign nationals of Greek decent, or with a Greek psyche, wish to obtain the strongest of all ties to our country of origin – they wish to become Greek citizens. There are a few ways to achieve this, depending on the status, place of birth, timing, origins, and so on. Brace yourselves, since the options are many and convoluted. Let’s explore them.
Greek citizenship by birth
A child born in Greece does not automatically obtain Greek citizenship, unless:
- her/his mother was a Greek citizen during her pregnancy and at the time of her/his birth; or
- her/his father was a Greek citizen at the time of her/his birth; or
- both her/his parents were non-Greek immigrants living in Greece with a valid resident’s permit for at least five (5) consecutive years prior to her/his birth.
If one of these requirements is met, the child can obtain Greek citizenship by birth. The parents, of course, can opt out and declare another country’s citizenship (according to that country’s laws).
Becoming a Greek citizen by going to school
A child not fulfilling any of the prerequisites mentioned above, can still obtain a Greek citizenship, if:
- she/he enrolls at the First Grade of a primary Greek school and is still attending, when the application is filed; and
- at least one of her/his parents has/have been living in Greece legally with a valid permit for at least 5 years prior to the child’s birth (if less than 5 years, then they have to wait until the parents’ legal residency surpasses the 10 year mark); and
- at least one of the parents has to be holder of a legal resident’s card, as described in the new statute; and
- she/he has not reached the age of 18 years.
Alternatively, a non-Greek minor legally residing in Greece can still obtain Greek citizenship, if she/he has attended at least 9 years of primary/secondary Greek school or 6 years of secondary Greek school; whereas a non-Greek adult legally residing in Greece can obtain Greek citizenship if she/he has obtained a high school diploma in Greece and then graduated from a Higher Education Institution (University or Technical Education Institution). Furthermore, as soon as these Greek educated people obtain their Greek citizenship, their underage and unmarried children automatically become Greek citizens, as well.
Claiming your Greek citizenship through your ancestors
Those, who are born outside of Greece to either one or both Greek parents, or even one or more Greek grandparents, are entitled to stake a claim to their right to a Greek citizenship through their ancestor(s) born in Greece.
Other ways to obtain a Greek citizenship
There are a few other clearly defined ways to obtain a Greek citizenship, which are relevant to specific situations:
- Minors under the age of 18 years, who were born out of wedlock, can be legally recognized by their Greek father, who was born in Greece, and thus acquire a Greek citizenship.
- Minors under the age of 18 years can be legally adopted by a Greek national born in Greece, and thus acquire a Greek citizenship.
- Aliens of Greek ethnic origin admitted to military academies as officers, or enlisted in the armed forces as volunteers, or promoted to officers of the military forces, can lawfully acquire s Greek citizenship.
- Foreigners, who do not have any Greek origin or ancestry, but have a long term and permanent residency in Greece, can go through the naturalization process after three (3) to seven (7) years of consecutive legal residence in Greece, provided that they are fluent in Greek, and they earn a certificate in Greek ancient history and culture.
Marriage to a Greek citizen will not give you automatically a claim to a Greek citizenship, it will merely shorten the times required for a naturalization procedure.
Re-establishing connection…
What do you do, if you fall into one of these categories and you want to go ahead in the pursuit of your Greek citizenship? The procedures are different, depending on which category one falls into. The most common one is the situation, where someone has a Greek parent or grandparent. Here are the prerequisites for obtaining Greek citizenship by a person of Greek descent, who lives outside of Greece:
- Application (provided by the consulate). The application is in Greek and should be filled out in Greek. We will help with that. It will be completed, signed and submitted to the Greek Consul General closest to the Applicant’s residency. The signing of the application will be witnessed by two (2) Greek citizens, who will prove their citizenship (passport, Greek ID etc). Oftentimes, Consulate employees act as witnesses.
- Copy of a valid passport or other travel document. The original document must also be presented.
- Birth Certificate of Applicant.
- Marriage Certificate of Applicant’s parents AND Birth Certificates of parents (if they were born in Greece or are Greek citizens). If they were/are not, then (in addition to the prior) Marriage Certificate of grandparents AND their Birth Certificates … and so on and so forth, until we reach an ancestor, who is/was a Greek citizen.
- Applicant’s Criminal Record.
- Recent, colored, passport-size pictures.
- Interview.
All documents must be translated to Greek by a lawyer, the consulate, or a registered translator.
There are a lot of advantages to acquiring a Greek citizenship, like the ability to travel and work within the EU, but there is a catch: all male Greek citizens between the ages of 19 and 45 are required by law to join the military and serve for at least nine (9) months.
It might be a long and cumbersome process with a lot of red tape and sometimes frustration, but I believe that it is certainly worth it. I always experienced a special feeling of achievement, every time I helped someone start this process, every time I guided someone through it, and every time we successfully completed it. It is an uplifting and proud feeling to be a citizen of our Hellas.
I encourage you to ask questions in the comments below.
Greek American Legal Topics 
Hi Christos
My name is Tiana, my father is Greek and lives in Kato Patissia. He has dual citizenship here in South Africa. I was born out of wedlock and he was not present in my life until i was 25 years old. He requested a DNA paternity test when he came to South Africa last year and paternity was confirmed. I would now like to pursue Greek citizenship but i have lost contact with him again. Is there anyway you can assist?
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Hello, Tiana.
Thank you for your message and for all the information. The first thing you need to do is find out what the law in South Africa dictates about paternity recognition for children born out of wedlock. Is the father’s name mentioned in the birth certificate? What is the process of recognizing paternity within the country’s legal framework? Is it even possible after the child has become an adult and some years have passed?
The DNA test results will not be helpful, if there is no documentation (Court Order, Court Decision, Vital Records, etc.)
I hope this helps. If you need anything else, please, email me at christos@kiosses.com
All my best,
Christos Kiosses
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I married my wife in a Catholic ceremony in 2000. In 2001, when our son was three months old, we married in in a Greek Orthodox church and baptized him. He was born Prior to the Greek wedding. Do I need to file an affidavit of recognition? He will be 18 in May.
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Hello,
I am an American born Greek citizen with passport and aftotita. I married my wife in a Catholic church. Our son was born Then, we married in a Greek Orthodox church and baptized him. Must I file official recognition of a child “born out of wedlock” prior to his 18th birthday in May?
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Hello, Steve.
Thank you for your message and for your questions. I hope all is well with you.
I believe that you should register your marriage with the Greek Municipal Authorities and try to register your son at the same time.
Please, scan and email me your marriage certificate and your son’s Birth Certificate, along with your Greek Municipal Family File Record. christos@kiosses.com
Thank you and have a nice evening.
Sincerely,
Christos
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Hello Christo:
I was born in Greece along with my whole family. We came to the US when I was 7 years old. I am now in my 50’s and want to retire in Greece. I am a naturalized US Citizen. Would I need to apply for Greek citizenship again in order to buy property and live in Greece in the next year or so ?
Thank you
Nick
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Hello, Nick.
Thank you for your message and for your questions.
Since you were born in Greece to Greek parents, I am almost certain that they had registered you with the Municipal Authorities under their family file. Therefore, you don’t need to apply for Greek Citizenship, because you are a Greek Citizen. You just need a copy of the Municipal Family File to prove it.
As for purchasing property, you can go ahead and do it. One does not need to be a Greek Citizen to purchase property in Greece, unless the property is near the borders. In that case, a special permit is required.
If you need any assistance, please, email me directly at christos@kiosses.com
Have a nice evening.
Best Regards,
Christos
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Dear Christos,
Thank you for your website, it is really full of great information.
I have a problem with my birth certificate. I was born in Turkey in 1981. My mother was born in Greece and she has still a Greek citizenship. I was applied for Greek citizenship. I gathered all documents (except birth certificate) that were demanded by authorities in Greece and sent them to a lawyer in Greece. The problem is that I could not find my birth certificate in local authorities in Turkey.
Is it possible to prove my relationship with my mother with DNA test? Is it accepted by authorities in Greece for citizenship?
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Dear Cigdem,
Thank you for your message, for all the information, and your question.
Thank you for your kind words. You are very welcome.
Unfortunately, the Greek Authorities will not accept another document substituting a Birth Certificate.
Have you hired an Attorney in Turkey to apply for a copy of your Birth Certificate? It is very unusual not to find Birth Certificates.
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Question: Assuming that all documentation is in order for the Naturalization procedure (this is for the child of a Greek born male, married to an American woman in 1960 via civil marriage in the USA, no church wedding).
Note: There is a family registration in the Greek municipality which has the Greek male, his American wife and their two children (both born in the early 60’s).
When I say everything is in order, it is because I am one of the two children and I obtained my Greek Citizenship In 2008 (via naturalization “because” there was no church wedding as such Greek Law did not allow for the “Registration” procedure).
Now my sibling wishes to apply…. I am familiar with the process…. but now the question: My sibling wants to start the process especially since my siblings children are all currently under 18 years old, but my sibling DOES NOT speak Greek at all and is afraid it will all be for naught if the consulate imposes a language test/ requirement/ interview.
Based on these circumstances, what is your opinion about the language being a potential impediment, and more importantly can you help?
Ps: I did all my own work on my own behalf. It is incredibly complex and would advise anyone else just starting their journey to use a qualified attorney. 🙂
I have done quite a bit of work and now have my own Οικογενειακή μερίδα, Ταυτότητα, ΑΦΜ, Και Διαβατήριο.
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Dear Concerned,
Thank you for your message and for your questions.
An applicant of Greek descent, like your sibling, should NOT be required to speak Greek. This prerequisite is for applicants, who are not of Greek background. They need to prove their “connection” to Greece by exhibiting a knowledge of Greek History, Greek Culture, Greek Geography, Greek Civilization, and the Greek Language.
I hope this helps.
Best Regards,
Christos
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Dear Christos,
I am a Greek-American whose grandfather was born in Greece emigrated to the United States as a child. He married a Greek-American woman whose both parents were born in Greece. I would like to apply for Greek citizenship through my grandfather. I have my grandfather’s immigration papers, and I am applying for a copy of my father’s birth certificate which would indicate my grandfather was his father, and of course, I have my own indicating who my father is. My grandparents and my father are dead. I do not have my grandparent’s marriage license or any baptismal records, nor am I sure how to get them. Are they necessary if I can prove that I am the granddaughter of a Greek citizen?
Thank you,
Stacie
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Hello, Stacie.
Thank you for your message and for all the background information.
The short answer is that you need the marriage certificates for all the marriages leading to your birth.
Please, scan and email me the certificates you have and we can figure out how to obtain the rest.
Sincerely,
Christos Kiosses
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Dear Christos,
I was born to mother Greek (municipal certification) , her marriage license /cert available. I was also born in Athens and have birth cert & baptism doc. How difficult and complicated will this process be? And will originals of all documents be required?
Best,
DOreen
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Dear Doreen,
Thank you for your message and for your question.
If you were born in Greece to a Greek mother, didn’t they register you with the Municipal Authorities immediately after your birth? If they did, you already have your Greek Citizenship. If not, we will have to register your birth.
Please, send me more information at christos@kiosses.com
Thank you.
All my best,
Christos Kiosses
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I immigrated to the united states of America from Greece, the country that I was born in 1951 to a Greek mother and father. In 1981 I was married in St Nicholas Greek orthodox church, Flushing New York, to my ex-wife which was born in America to both American citizen parents and practicing Catholics, However my ex-wife decided to get baptized again in the Greek orthodox church which is the same church that we were married and become Greek orthodox, we had two wonderful daughters together born February 03,1985 and October 04,1989. Now my Daughter ‘s want to have a dual citizenship. what are there options if any, and what documentations will be needed to help them in this process.
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Hello, Mr. Angelopoulos.
Thank you for your message and for all the information.
Since your marriage was a Greek Orthodox one, it was valid in the eyes of Greek Law of the time. Therefore, your children will be able to obtain Greek Citizenship through Determination of Citizenship.
We need your Municipal Record, your Marriage Certificate (State and Church), your ex wife’s Birth Certificate (long form), and your children’s Birth Certificates (long form).
If you can scan and email me those documents, we can discuss about starting the process.
Best Regards,
Christos Kiosses
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Hello Christos,
I am so excited for this new venture that I would like to do. I am interested in getting my Greek Citizenship through my father who was born in Greece. He married my mother who is American at a Greek Orthodox church in New York. My father’s entire family was born in Greece and I would love to travel to their Village and spend some time there. I ran across your site and it’s my first attempt to get any information I can in moving ahead with this. My father has since passed in Greece. I live in San Fransisco Bay Area in California. Would my first step is to contact the consulate here? Thank you so much. Sophia
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Hello- I met with the consulate and have two documents pending. I received a certified letter from the church my parents were married in but when I received the marriage certificate from the state it shows that 5 weeks prior to the church wedding, my parents had a civil marriage.
I was born 5 years after the church wedding. Is that acceptable since the certificate from the states (5 weeks prior) was a civil marriage?
Thank you
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Hello, Patti.
Thank you for your message and for the information.
It is perfectly acceptable to have a civil marriage prior to the religious ceremony. In fact, the Greek Orthodox Church would not accept to do it in reverse.
If you have any other questions, please, let me know.
Best Regards,
Christos Kiosses
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Christos
My Grand Parents were born in Greece and immigrated to USA in the 1920’s. It states when they were married and what towns they were born. I have their immigration papers. I am trying to get Greek Citizenship. My Father was born in the states but worked in Greece as a professional basketball coach in Athens and Thessaloniki. I am not sure if he had dual citizenship. My brother checked with the Greek Embassy and they could not find any information. Do you think that my Grand Parents immigration papers would be enough to meet the requirements?
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Hello, Greg.
Thank you for your message and for all the information.
You need to search the Municipal Authorities Registration (Δημοτολόγιο) for your father and for your grandparents. It is possible that your father wet through the process, when he was working in Greece, but it is not guaranteed that he did.
Please, scan and email me all the relevant documents, so I can review and analyze them, before I get back to you. christos@kiosses.com
Thank you and have a nice day.
All my best,
Christos Kiosses
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My name is Stefani and I am married with a Greek man since 2013. We have 2 children together. I am from non EU country. Do I have the right for naturalization or Greek citizenship? I followed a Greek course here and a professional courses but I could not work here as I took care to my children.
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Hello, Stefani.
Thank you for your message and for all the information.
Where do you live? Are you a permanent resident of Greece?
The spouse of a Greek Citizen, with whom they have children together, who is from a non-EU Country, and who resides lawfully and permanently in Greece for at least 3 years, has the right to apply for Greek Citizenship.
So, for a person from a non-EU country, who wants to apply for Greek Citizenship, the prerequisites are the following:
1) Spouse of a Greek Citizen, with whom they have (a) child/-ren.
2) Permanent and lawful residency in Greece for at least 3 years.
If you have any other questions, please, send me an email with all the information. christos@kiosses.com
Thank you and have a nice day.
Best Regards,
Christos Kiosses
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Many thanks Sir
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Hello! I am working on the process of gaining dual citizenship. My papou was born in Greece in the 20s and then married to a Greek woman in the USA, where he immigrated to. I am worried that I cannot find his birth certificate.. however I do have his immigration papers that prove he did come from Greece, and I believe it shows his birth place as well. Would immigration papers work in lieu of a birth certificate?
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Hello, Madeline.
Thank you for your message and for your question.
You cannot use the US Immigration documentation as proof of his Greek Citizenship. The only document that proves beyond doubt that someone is (was) a Greek Citizen is the Municipal Record (Πιστοποιητικό Οικογενειακής Μερίδας). If you need any assistance or guidance, please, do not hesitate to email me with all the information. christos@kiosses.com
I hope this helps.
Have a nice day.
Best Regards,
Christos
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Christos,
My question is this, can a person who is not Greek by birth, blood etc. obtain Dual citizenship between the US & Greece? My brothers girlfriend who is not Greek wants to get dual citizenship. I did not think it was that easy, especially after reading your posts.
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Hello, Diane.
Thank you for your question.
A person, who is not of Greek descent, can apply for Greek Citizenship through the process of Naturalization. Before she applies, she needs to obtain lawful, permanent residency in Greece for a number of years (similar to being a “Green Card” holder in the US). The whole process is not easy or quick, but it is not impossible.
If they need more information, please, have them send me an email at christos@kiosses.com.
Have a nice evening.
Best Regards,
Christos Kiosses
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Thank you
Efcharisto
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Hello Christos,
My great grandparents were both born in Greece but my grandfather was born in America. Do I have a claim for lineage through ancestry or am I too far removed?
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Hello, Angela.
Thank you for your message. Happy New Year!
I will need to review and analyze the documents (Birth Certificates, Municipal Registrations, Marriage Certificates, etc.).
If your great grandparents were properly registered with the Municipal Authorities in Greece, if they did not renounce their Greek Citizenship, when they became US Citizens, if we can prove a series of births linking you to them, we have a very good chance of proving your Greek lineage and applying for Greek Citizenship.
I understand that this is a very vague answer, so I will need more information from you to narrow it down.
Please, send me an email to christos@kiosses.com, so we can discuss.
Have a nice evening.
Best Regards,
Christos Kiosses
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Hello, Angela.
Thank you for your message.
If you have documentation that your ancestors were registered with the Municipal Authorities in Greece and there is an unbroken chain of lineage connecting you to them, you have a good chance of obtaining Greek Citizenship.
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Hi
I am a naturalized US citizen born in Greece. We live in the USA. My husband wants to acquire Geeek citizenship. Can he do this? Would he lose his Ameeican citizenship?
Thank you
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Hello, Zoi.
Thank you for your message. I hope you are well.
Your husband can apply for Greek Citizenship through Naturalization based on your marriage (married to a Greek Citizen), only if you both reside permanently in Greece for at least three of years (provided that you remain married). As soon as you move to Greece with the intent to reside permanently, your husband will apply for a Greek “green card” (permanent resident card). After three years of permanent residency, he will be eligible to apply for Greek Citizenship.
Obtaining Greek Citizenship will not affect his US Citizenship. From then on, he will have dual Citizenship (US and Greek).
If you have any further questions, please, email me at christos@kiosses.com
Thank you and have a nice evening.
Best Regards,
Christos Kiosses
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I am in the process of acquiring my Greek duel citizenship through decent. Both of my parents were born in Greece but now live in the United States. I was able to acquire the (πιστοποιητικό οικογενειακής κατάστασης) family registration certificate from my parents hometown in Kalamata. Now the Greek embassy in Chicago now has scheduled an in person meeting with me this June. They asked me to bring two passport photos, my passport, birth certificate, ID and $350. What can I expect during this meeting?
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Hello, Evans.
Thank you for your message and for the information.
Before you go to your appointment, please, scan and email all your documents to the Consulate. Ask them to verify that you have everything in order. If they do verify and say that you are ready to go, you should be OK.
During your appointment, they will create a Greek Birth Certificate for you keeping your US Birth Certificate with the Seal of Hague (Apostille). You only need one copy of that, so don’t let them “sell” you more copies, just to get your money.
They will also create a series of other applications, affidavits, and forms for you to sign. You have a choice to leave the whole package with them to process it and send it to Greece. This will take a significant amount of time. You also have the option to take your file and submit it yourself through a Power of Attorney. If you need any assistance, please, email me and I can guide you for the rest of the process. christos@kiosses.com
Good luck.
All my best,
Christos
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I am applying for Greek Citizenship through my parents who were both born in Greece. Last week, I met with the Greek Embassy in Chicago where they helped me submit my paperwork and I acquired my Greek birth certificate.
Now that my file has been sent to Greece, what can I expect next?
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Thank you for your message.
From the information you provided, I am deducting that the process you are applying for is the “Direct Registration” or “Εγγραφή Αδηλώτου.”
The Vital Records Section of the Consulate General of Greece in Chicago took your US Birth Certificate and created a Greek Consular Birth Certificate. This document, along with the rest of the documents issued by the Consulate General, need to be submitted to the Special Registry in Athens (an office that handles all the vital records occurring around the globe concerning Greek Citizens).
The Special Registry in Athens (Ειδικό Ληξιαρχείο Αθηνών) will process your documents and then send them to the proper Greek Authorities (Municipal Authorities/Δημοτολόγιο for females and Department of Foreigners and Immigration/Διεύθυνση Αλλοδαπών και Μετανάστευσης for males).
I am afraid that it is going to take a long time for your file to be processed.
If you have any other questions, please, email me at christos@kiosses.com
Best Regards,
Christos
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Hello. I read your reply to question about Greek born US naturalized citizens with Greek parents able to obtain citizenship since they are Greek citizens. My question is that if my wife and son are US born would we be able to move to Greece and live as a family or would they be required to obtain Greek citizenship? My wife is concerned about compulsory Military service for our son as well as he is 13.
Would he be required to serve?
Thank you.
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Hello, Mr. Spyropoulos.
Thank you for your message.
As far as permanent residency, both your wife and your son will be able to live with you in Greece.
For Greek citizenship, your son will be able to obtain it through determination of citizenship, since one of his parents is Greek (you).
Your wife will be issued a permanent resident’s card in Greece (like a “Green Card” here in the US). After 3 years of permanent residency in Greece (as long as your marriage remains valid), she will be able to apply for Greek Citizenship through Naturalization.
If your son becomes a Greek Citizen and turns 18 (and you are still permanent residents of Greece) he will be called to serve the military.
If you have more questions, please, email me at christos@kiosses.com
Have a nice evening.
Best Regards,
Christos Kiosses
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Thank you so much for the reply.
One more question, would my son and wife be required to become Greek citizens at some point or could we live together indefinitely and they retain their US citizenship.
Thanks again
Vasilios
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You are welcome.
They are not required to become Greek Citizens. They can retain their permanent resident status. As far as their US Citizenship, it will not be affected one way or another.
Best Regards,
Christos
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Thank you so much for the information!!!!
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You are very welcome and good luck.
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Hello:
My father was an Anatolian Greek and he immigrated to the US in 1923. I have his immigration papers showing he was born in Magnesia Turkey but I don’t have his birth certificate. I do not speak or read or write Greek. Can I still obtain citizenship without being able to speak, read, or write in Greek?
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Hello, Christina.
Thank you for your comment and all the information.
The first and most important question is whether your father was registered with the Greek Municipal Registry (Δημοτολόγιο). Without that registration, one cannot obtain Greek Citizenship through ancestry.
If your father moved to Greece, before his move to the States, there must be a record for him. If he came to the US directly, he might have never obtained his Greek Citizenship.
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He and his family lived as refuges for a year on a Greek Island after the genocide in Turkey. I had heard that descendants of Anatolian Greeks who were displaced during the genocide were eligible for citizenship but that might not be true.
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Christina,
During their time on that Greek island as refugees, it is possible that they were registered as Greeks. If that happened, there should be a Municipal Record for them. You will need to reach out to the Municipal Authorities on the island to request a Family File Record (Πιστοποιητικό Οικογενειακής Κατάστασης).
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I just received news from the Chicago Consulate letting me know that my registration is complete and that I’m a registered Greek citizen. They emailed me a copy of what looks like my Greek Birth Certificate too.
What can I expect to happen next?
I am planning a trip to Greece this June to hopefully acquire my ID card from the police department if everything is all set.
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Mr. Tasiopoulos,
Thank you for your message and congratulations on obtaining Greek Citizenship!
You will be able to apply for and obtain a Greek ID from a Police Station in Greece.
You can apply for a Greek Passport at the Consulate General of Greece in Chicago. You can also apply for a Greek Passport at one of the specialized Police Stations in Greece.
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Can I expect anything else from the Embassy like the family registry or will the birth certificate be enough for the Greek ID?
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Upon request, the Consulate General of Greece should be able to provide a Family File Record for you.
Otherwise, you can obtain it from a KEP in Greece (Citizen Services Office) or from the Municipal Authorities.
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